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KMID : 0921420120170020177
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Korean Journal of Communication Disorders
2012 Volume.17 No. 2 p.177 ~ p.186
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Coda Error Patterns at Word-Medial Position for 3 to 4 Year Old Children
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Kim Soo-Jin
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Abstract
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Background & Objectives : Korean children differ in the phonological process of coda at word-medial and word-final positions. Previous studies have shown the importance of understanding the error patterns in word-medial position codas when working with children with phonological disorders. In order to further develop evaluation tools to aid these children, this study investigated coda error patterns in word-medial positions in normally developing Korean children between the agesof 3 and 4.
Methods: Data was collected from 24 children, ages 3 to 4, without speech and language delay. The children were divided into four groups according to age(with 6 month age gaps). Seventy-seven artificial words with every possible bi-consonants matrix at the word-medial position were used to collect the data.
Results: The findings are described below. First, the early 3 year old group(group Ⅰ) showed more significant errors than the three other groups(group Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ). Second, the difficulty level of the coda consonant pronunciation went from velar, bilabial, and alveolar sounds according to the place of articulation. The most difficult sound was velar stop/k┓/. Third, stop sounds after a coda showed more errors than other sounds(affricate, fricative, nasal, and lateral). In addition, sonorant sounds after a coda showed fewer errors than obstruent sounds.
Discussion & Conclusion: The results of this study showed the developmental patterns in Korean word-medial position codas. Error rates differed according to (1)age, (2)placement and manner of articulation for coda consonants, and (3)consecutive sounds. In order to support children with phonological disorders, we should continue to develop a test for codas in the word-medial position.
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KEYWORD
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phonological process, coda error pattern, phonological development, word-medial position
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